Prostitution It Should Be Legal - 1431 Words

According to the Merriam- Webster dictionary, prostitution is defined as â€Å"the work of a prostitute: the act of having sex in exchange for money† (cite). Underneath this definition is one that follows as, â€Å"the use of a skill or ability in a way that is not appropriate or respectable† (cite). Prostitution is a pressing matter in the United States and, as one can assume after reading the second definition given, implicated negatively throughout society. Many view this topic in an undesirable manner, and fail to recognize the positive aspects of prostitution; prostitution brings about so many positive aspects that progressive countries have enacted the legality of its practices. The legality of prostitution would (encourage individuals to practice in a profession in which epitomizes our freedom of body and rights or enacts a profession in which allows us to practice our basic human/civil rights), yield many economic benefits, and decrease the amount of sexually tr ansmitted diseases (STDs) throughout their community, and Opponents, on the other hand, believe that prostitution should not be legal because the act is physically and emotionally devastating to all those involved, creates a higher number of human trafficking victims. The Unites States of America prides itself in the freedom and liberty it allows its citizens; one of these freedoms testifying that individuals have the right to do what they want with their bodies – as such, if one wishes to participate in prostitution,Show MoreRelatedShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1145 Words   |  5 PagesShould prostitution be legal? Prostitution has been around for decades. Since 1780 BC the legalization of prostitution has been a controversial topic. Prostitution is the act or practice of engaging in promiscuous sexual relations especially for money.† Prostitution. Merriam-Webster.com. Merriam-Webster, n.d. Web. 15 Dec. 2016. Many claim that is one of the oldest professions. If this is one of the oldest professions why is it still illegal? So many people have different opinions on the issueRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal1695 Words   |  7 Pagesthat prostitution will exist no matter what because men will always degrade women, and women, in turn, can do the same to men, even though these moral aspects are not connected with the legalization process, mostly depending on moral qualities of the society members, and not on a position on prostitution. Thus, the essay will try to prove why prostitution should not be legal with the help of analysis of the articles of the well-known scientists. While feminist theory represents prostitution as aRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1236 Words   |  5 Pagesmajority of people believe prostitution should stay illegal, claiming that the legalization of prostitution will only make the chances of getting an STD even higher, an increase in rape rates, and will also add to the growth of human trafficking. Although this could be the case, there have been many studies that tell a different story. Currently, Nevada has allowed prostitution in 11 of its counties with much success. There can be many benefits from the legalization of prostitution in the states. LegalizingRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal? Essay1261 Words   |  6 PagesProstitution has existed in history since before most people can remember. In our time, prostitution is hotly debated as to whether it should be a professional working job, or whether it is immoral and oppressive to women. This debate has existed since the dawn of time, and there is still no clear answer. Society demands that police should stop certain illicit activities from happening in their neighborhoods, but should law enforcement be made to waste their time and effort to arrest those thatRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1440 Words   |  6 PagesCanadian legal system stands prostitution. Prostitution by definition is the practice or occupation of engaging in sexual activity with someone for payment. Prostitution in our legal system can be dated back to the 18th century, this was the first Canadian statute to acknowledge prostitution. Prostitution in this time was handled by three legal approaches, regulation, prohibition and lastly rehabilitation. It is believed that because of these three legal approaches that is why prostitution is stillRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1157 Words   |  5 PagesLegalizing Prostitution in Brothels Throughout America When someone says prostitution, the first couple things that probably come to mind are grimy girls that have ruined their lives with drugs sitting on a couch cracked out with a man they just met. Prostitutes are looked at as whores who cannot sustain a real career so they are forced to sell their bodies for sex. The prostitution industry is essentially just like any other service industry. The worker charges his or her customer for a serviceRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1057 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"A human body is a temple; we should love it and respect it.† How often have we come across those people who sell their bodies, so-called temples and have been termed as â€Å"prostitutes?† Prostitution can be defined as the profession of getting involved in sexual activity with someone and to get paid back in return. Sex and sex-related issues have always been the matter to be hidden, and the civilized people are considered to be not speaking about it at all. Des pite the fact, none can escape it ourRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1150 Words   |  5 Pagesgroup of friends. The question is: Should prostitution be legal? My question is: Why shouldn’t it? By all means I respect the opinion that having sex for money is completely illegal in most states but what about stripping? Stripping is completely legal and paid for lap dances aren’t the only advancement allowed. Strippers are allowed to receive payment to have sexual encounters within the establishment and it is completely legal. Protection for working women should exist across the board, not justRead MoreShould Prostitution Be Legal?1371 Words   |  6 PagesKayla Beaty College Success Professor Jernigan 02/04/2015 Prositution in the U.S For my paper I chose the topic â€Å"Prostitution In the U.S† I picked this topic because I feel as if there’s a lot to discuss about the subject itself. Prostitution in my eyes, should be illegal in all parts of America. I feel as if the crime itself is degrading not only to women, but the families of those involved that choose to commit these acts. My personal opinion, going more into detail is that I grew up viewingRead MoreProstitution Should Not Be Legal1753 Words   |  8 Pagesthe topic of prostitution, most of us will readily agree that it is wrong as it portrays a negative image on women. Where this agreement usually ends, however, it is whether or not it’s a negative outcome. Whereas some are convinced that prostitution should be legal, others maintain that it should stay illegal because of moral intuitions. I disagree that prostitution should be legalized because it’s a form of slavery. Here are many feminists would probably object that prostitution is an utterly

Contrasting Roles The Good and the Bad Free Essays

Contrasting Roles: The Good and the Bad In Fydor Dostoyesky’s, Notes from the Underground, the relationship between an underground man and a young prostitute, Liza, depicts admirable and harsh qualities. Truly, Liza illustrates a kind-hearted human being while the Underground Man exemplifies a harsh and isolated person. Liza’s function in this novel is to show the contrast between the two completing roles that characterize a classic literary illustration of what is good and bad. We will write a custom essay sample on Contrasting Roles: The Good and the Bad or any similar topic only for you Order Now The altercations that Liza and the Underground Man have significantly portray positive and unsuitable qualities. Upon meeting Liza, the Underground Man harshly ridicules Liza and her lifestyle. He says that she is â€Å"a slave from the start. Yes, a slave! You give up everything, your whole freedom. If you want to break your chains afterwards, you will not be able to† (Dostoyevsky p. 64). This quote undoubtedly exposes Underground Man’s awful perspective on Liza. He believes that Liza is property, rather than a human being. Also, the quote shows that he is stripping Liza of any hope for the future. He does so by telling Liza that if she ever wanted to stop prostituting, she would not be able to. Despite all of the awful accusations that he makes, Liza patiently listens although it is hurting her tremendously. Furthermore, this emphasizes the contrast in characters. It evident that Liza is truly good and that the Underground Man is relentless. However, this not the only altercation that sheds light on this notion. Moreover, there is also another conflicts that give a defined distinction between what is good and bad. The underground Man goes on to further insult Liza without a will to stop. He states, â€Å"I know that I have only to whistle and you have to come with me whether you like it or not. I don’t consult your wishes, but you mine† (p. 69). The underground Man is dehumanizing Liza by comparing her to a dog. He claims that Liza will come to him just as a dog follows a master’s command without question. As if that insult were not enough, he proceeds to tell Liza that she must grant his every desire but he does not care for her wishes. Undoubtedly, the quality of being able to hurt Liza in such a manner is horrible. Liza’s pain is illustrated when the novel states that â€Å"She bit the pillow, bit her hand till it bled (I saw that afterwards), or, thrusting her fingers into her disheveled hair, seemed rigid with the effort of restraint, holding her breath and clenching her teeth† (p. 72). This quote actively portrays how the Underground Man’s negative qualities truly affect her. It not only pained her emotionally to hear these things, but also physically. Despite her emotions, Liza put her feelings behind her and forgives him. After he apologizes, he states, â€Å"she squeezed my hand in her fingers so tightly that I felt I was saying the wrong thing and stopped†(p. 73). This excerpt truly shows Liza’s nobility. Although Liza is so hurt, she makes him feel like he should not have to apologize. She does this by squeezing his hand. However, this is not the only time where Liza puts the Underground Man before herself. Liza’s responses in situations with the Under Ground man portray her comforting qualities and expose his poor qualities. Previously, the audience noted that while Liza cries, the Underground Man did not comfort her. However, in later text, the tables turn. When the Under Ground Man began to cry, she did not waste time in asking what was wrong by asking, â€Å"What is the matter? What is wrong? † she cried, fussing about me† (p. 83). This quote depicts that Liza is a compassionate person. It also shows the difference between the Underground Man and her. It was her natural instinct to help him yet he did not help Liza in her time of need. This again shows that Liza is naturally good while the underground man is uncompassionate. The last encounter that the Underground Man has with Liza truly shows her positive characteristics. After some time, Liza believes that he no longer sees her as a prostitute, but as a companion. However, after having relations with the Underground Man, he wants her to leave and gives her money for the relations that they previously had. Although this hurts her beyond belief, she leaves the money. The underground man states â€Å"I saw a crumpled blue five- rouble note, the one I had thrust into her hand a minute before† (p. 89). This shows that Liza is admirable in dignity. Although she had been hurt, she still had her dignity and that was important for the Underground Man to see. Liza is placed in the novel to show that despite negative situations, a person can still posses an admirable personality. Truly, Liza continuously finds herself to be in horrible situations but she never fails in acting graciously. In a sense, Liza is an inspiration to all. She shows the audience that her profession pains her and that she regrets it. Not only can the audience learn from her mistakes, but also from her gracious personality as well. How to cite Contrasting Roles: The Good and the Bad, Essay examples

Schizophrenia2 Essay Example For Students

Schizophrenia2 Essay Schizophrenia is a mental disorder marked by the loss of contact with reality. Delusions, hallucinations, irregular thinking or emotions are the usual symptoms. About one hundred years ago schizophrenia was first recognized as a mental disorder and researchers have been searching for a cure since. The exact cause of schizophrenia is still unknown and scientists are certain that schizophrenia has more than one cause. Scientists have developed dozens of theories to explain what causes this disease, but researchers are focusing on three leading theories. The Genetic Theory argues that schizophrenia is caused by traits in a persons genetic makeup. As we all know, a person has twenty-three pairs of chromosomes. Each pair contains one chromosome from each parent. In corresponding locations of each chromosome the genes for specific traits are located. If there are mutations or if there is the presence of an extra chromosome, genetic disorders occur. For example, Down Syndrome is caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. It is believed that problems with the genetic make up can cause schizophrenia (Encarta 96). In an attempt to prove this theory scientists study identical twins. Due to the fact that identical twins have the exact genetic make up researchers will be able to determine if heredity is the main cause of schizophrenia. However, evidence seems to disprove this theory. This is because on some occasions both identical twins are schizophrenics and other times only one is inflicted. To defend the theory, it should be noted that this research is difficult and complicated. Identical twins are relatively rare, especially twins who are both diagnosed with schizophrenia. Further defending the theory, studies have shown that children with one parent diagnosed with schizophrenia have a ten percent chance of suffering from schizophrenia. When both parents are schizophrenic their risk raises to about fifty percent (468 Myers). The Biochemical theory is built mainly on stress that effects human behavior. However, most researchers agree that stress alone cannot be the main cause of schizophrenia. Most researchers agree that stress can trigger or worsen the symptoms when the illness is already present. Other researchers focus on drug abuse. Like stress, certain drugs such as amphetamines can make psychotic symptoms worse if a person already has schizophrenia. Also, amphetamines and other drugs cause an increase in dopamine. Brains of schizophrenics were found to contain an excess of receptors for dopamine (468 Myers). In one particular experiment, researchers injected animals with amphetamines, which causes an increase of dopamine in the brain. Following the injection, the animals exhibit the same behavior as humans who have been diagnosed with schizophrenia, such as standing still for long periods of time or continuously pacing. Nerve cells have an effect on schizophrenics as well. When something acts upon one of our senses, electrical impulses are sent to the brain. These impulses allow us to feel pain, smell, and also manage our thought processes. In our body we have a complex nerve system. For example, there is no one single nerve that travels from our feet to our brain. Therefore, in order for information to be sent to the brain the nerves must interact with each other. Because the system is so complex it is possible for the signal to get mixed up. When this happens, our brain may misinterpret the signal or may not receive it at all. If the signal does get mixed up on the way to the brain the make up of the impulse can undergo a chemical change resulting in abnormal thought processes and abnormal behavior (Smith). The Bio-Psycho-Social Theory combines all of the previous theories. Some researchers believe that biochemical abnormalities are a contributing factor but that other events must also occur. They suggest that environmental and social problems have to be considered along with biological problems. .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .postImageUrl , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:hover , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:visited , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:active { border:0!important; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:active , .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16 .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ubbebcbe1ea8e9ebe8c929b7efdcbaf16:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Nelson Mandela Essay Social scientists believe that no chemical factors are involved, instead they believe mental disorders are described as a consequence of human motivations, drives, and unconscious forces (Smith). These scientists suggest that people become overloaded with stress, information, and stimulation. When this happens they lose their ability to cope with the anxiety which accompanies stress. Instead of dealing with their problems they seek peace in their own world. For example,

Mrs. Dalloway Paper free essay sample

Dalloway, especially on the idea of modernism which can be defined as new thought, art, and culture. Specifically Woolf focuses on how the new technologies brought about because of modernism and the industrial revolution differ from the natural environment and all pure things found in it. In the book Mrs. Dalloway, Woolf argues that the natural world is more important than modernism and new technologies. Throughout the book, Woolf shows how distracting technology can be through the interactions her characters have with many different forms of it. In her article â€Å"Modern Transportation and Vitalism in Mrs. Dalloway†, Cheryl Volzer argues that the modern world the characters from the book live in is disruptive and only nature brings peace back to them. She also argues that the modern technologies experienced by the characters cause them to lose emotions and feelings. Volzer points out that very often it is a car, clock chime, or other piece of machinery that â€Å"not only hinders Clarissa’s path, but also discontinues her sensory driven memories of love. The novel suggests that modernity†¦ attempts and succeeds in terminating thoughts rooted in emotion and feeling† (2). While I agree all of the modern objects are very distracting for the characters in the novel, and that it is only when they are in some way connected with nature that they are more at peace; however, I disagree with her thought that the modern technology destroys all emotion, because of the scene in which many people on the street outside of the flower shop view â€Å"a face of the very greatest importance against the dove grey upholstery, before a male hand drew the blind and there was nothing to be seen† (14). This face which so many people believe to be of a famous and important person, causes the citizens who see it to feel pride for England and its achievements, and to generally feel nationalistic. Another example in the novel where a modern object causes multiple characters to become emotional is when Big Ben chimes, here Clarissa is thinking about the effects of the ringing bells, â€Å"a particular hush, or solemnity; an indescribably pause; a suspense† (4). This shows that another piece of machinery was capable of evoking emotion from the characters in the book. Woolf also shows how much more significant nature is in the world of Mrs. Dalloway through all of the metaphors she uses comparing people to animals and how her characters often think about nature. In the journal entry, â€Å"Scissors and Silks,† â€Å"Flowers and Trees,† and â€Å"Geraniums Ruined by the War†: Virginia Woolf’s Ecological Critique of Science in Mrs. Dalloway written by Justyna Kostkowska, Kostkowska argues that, â€Å"By referring to human experience in natural terms, [Woolf] reinforces the inseparability of nature and culture, and shows their mutuality† (187). This argument becomes more apparent throughout the book when Woolf compares almost every character to something in nature as Kostkowska touches on later in her article, â€Å"An overwhelming majority of characters are repeatedly described in floral or animal terms: Clarissa is â€Å"perched† bird-like, â€Å"a touch of the bird about her, of the jay, blue-green, vivacious† (4); Elizabeth is â€Å"like a poplar, [. . . ] like a river, [. . . like a hyacinth† (188); Septimus is â€Å"beak-nosed† (14); Peter is â€Å"hawklike† (164); Septimus sees Rezia as a â€Å"flowering tree† (148), and as a â€Å"little hen† (149); Sally is â€Å"all light, glowing, like some bird or air ball that has flown in† (35). Even Dr. Bradshaw is portrayed as a bird of prey as he â€Å"swoops† and â€Å"devours† (188). I completely agree with Kostkowska’s argument that Woolf compares human life to nature to prove how inseparable t hey are. But something Kostkowska didn’t talk about that I believe proves nature and the characters in Mrs. Dalloway are always connected is; many of the characters think in terms of nature. One good example is Rezia, who, while at the park with Septimus, thinks she is â€Å"like a bird sheltering under the thin hollow of a leaf, who blinks at the sun when the leaf moves; starts at the crack of a dry twig† (65). This passage where Rezia thinks of herself as a bird struggling to survive in the wild mirrors how she feels about Septimus; uncertain of his mental state of mind, scared about how their relationship is going to work out, and frustrated with how he acts. Thinking of herself as a bird shows readers that nature is a large and important part of Rezia’s life especially during this time of need. Another place in the book where a character uses nature to make comparisons is when Peter starts thinking about human souls and how a soul, â€Å"fish-like inhabits deep seas and plies among obscurities threading her way between the boles of giant weeds, over sun-flickered spaces and on and on into gloom, cold, deep, inscrutable; suddenly she shoots to the surface and sports on the wind wrinkled waves; that is, has a positive need to brush, scrape, kindle herself, gossiping† (161). This thought shows how even the very essence of human beings is linked to nature. The only reason Woolf would have added so many ideas about how nature is connected to humans in every way, would be to show how much more important nature is to her than the modern society that she lived in. Nature was more important than modernism and new technology to Woolf, possibly because she could see how negatively the industrial revolution had affected the environment, and because people were becoming less and less in touch with their natural surroundings as they were swept up in the rush of city life. When Woolf wrote Mrs. Dalloway not many people understood this theme of nature she included in her paper. Now that humans are working to fix the damage to the environment that was started during the Industrial Revolution, people are beginning to appreciate more Woolf’s message that nature and all of its constant splendors are much more vital for humans than the relentless flow of new technologies. Works Cited Cheryl. Modern Transportation and Vitalism in Mrs. Dalloway. San Juan Unified School District. N. p. , 16 Nov. 2009. Web. 6 May 2013. http://www. sanjuan. du/webpages/rvolzer/files/moderntransportation. pdf. Kostkowska, Justyna. â€Å"Scissors and Silks,† â€Å"Flowers and Trees,† and â€Å"Geraniums Ruined by the War†: Virginia Woolf’s Ecological Critique of Science in Mrs. Dalloway. † â€Å"Women’s Studies  33. 2 (2004): 183-98. Academic Search Elite. Taylor amp; Francis LTD. , May 2004. Web. 9 May 2013. lt;http://web. ebscoh ost. com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=419e5d71-988a-4bd2-b44b-1820b3b3997d%40sessionmgr112amp;vid=3amp;hid=118gt;. Woolf, Virginia. Mrs. Dalloway. 1925. New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co. 1981. Print.

IELTS Essay Types and Samples - Learn English Quickly

IELTS Essay Types and Samples - Learn English QuicklyYou should have no problem finding the IELTS essay types and samples that will help you learn English quickly. If you are able to learn this language, then it is obvious that you are in a great position to make it in the world of business.It would seem, then, that an excellent grasp of English would be advantageous, but you will find that actually not having any English could be an obstacle when trying to do business. It may also come as a surprise to find out that it is sometimes difficult to find an IELTS essay types and samples, even for someone who is an expert in this subject. How can this be?Firstly, it is worth noting that English as a language is not just spoken English. It has a great deal more to it than that. Most people would assume that it would be easier to write essays in English than if it were written in any other language, but actually, you will be surprised at how difficult it can be. As it is, you will find that there are many different types of English essays that you can choose from.It would be good to have a basic idea of some of the types of essays, but for this you will need to make use of IELTS essay types and samples. This will enable you to understand what the language is about and you will also be able to make comparisons to help you decide which type of essay to do.There are actually a number of different types of essays that can be written in English, and it is useful to understand what each one of them is all about. This will help you identify the most suitable type for you.Of course, this will not help you to learn English if you are unable to practice with any English. So, get yourself a tutor to help you practice. Of course, you will need to pay for the tuition, but if you are able to do so, then it will certainly be well worth the money.So, try to make the most of your English essay by searching online for IELTS essay types and samples. You will soon find that it is an enjo yable process and you will soon become an expert in English in no time at all.

Non-Verbal Communication in Counselling free essay sample

Nonverbal communication is body language and plays a major role in relationship development because it is also the main channel we use to communicate our feelings and attitudes towards others. But because much of our nonverbal communication behavior is unconscious, most of us have limited awareness or understanding of it. The importance of nonverbals in communication cannot be overemphasized; they are crucial to getting the full message. Some writers have suggested that as much as 80% of communication takes place on the nonverbal level. top General Characteristics of Nonverbal Communication: 1. Nonverbal Communication Uses Many Channels for Sending and Receiving – Messages may be sent in many ways, as the list below shows. This list is to help you become more aware of the variety of and complexity of nonverbal communication. With greater awareness you will develop greater understanding of the ways in which others interpret the nonverbal signals you send. Also, by improving your skills in reading the nonverbal responses other persons make to your communication, you will learn how you yourself are perceived. We will write a custom essay sample on Non-Verbal Communication in Counselling or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I. Nonverbal communication behaviours using TIME:  · Recognition  · Priorities II. Nonverbal communication behaviours using the BODY:  · Eye Contact – There seems to be more eye contact in interpersonal interactions between Arabs, South Americans, and Greeks than between people from other cultures. There is evidence that some African Americans looks at others less than whites do when sending and receiving messages.  · Eyes  · Skin  · Posture  · Facial expression – the face is the exhibit gallery of our emotional displays. And although we often try to manipulate our facial cues to project a premeditated feeling, our faces may still betray our true emotions to others. Your face is versatile. According to one research team, it is capable o f producing over 250,000 different expressions. Research has found that facial expressions conveying happiness, sadness, anger, disgust, surprise, and sadness were the same in 68 to 92 percent of the cultures examines. 1. Surprise: Wide-open eyes, raised and wrinkled brow, open mouth. 2. Fear: Open mouth, tense skin under the eyes, wrinkles in the centre of the forehead. 3. Disgust: Raised or curled upper lip, wrinkled nose, raised cheeks, lowered brow, lowered upper eyelid. 4. Anger: tensed lower eyelid; either pursed lips or open mouth; lowered and wrinkled brow; staring eyes. 5. Happiness: Smiling; mouth may be open or closed; raised cheeks; wrinkles around lower eyelids. 6. Sadness: Lip may tremble; corners of the lips turn downward; corners of the upper eyelid may be raised. All humans probably share the same neurophysiological basis for expressing emotions, but we learn different rules for sending and interpreting the expression. For example, the Japanese culture does not reinforce the show of negative emotions; it is important for Japanese to â€Å"save face† and to help others save face as well. Hand and arm gestures: Hand and body gestures with the most shared meaning among Africans, North Americans, and South Americans include pointing, shrugging, head nodding, clapping, thumbs down, waving hello, and beckoning. There are, however, regional variations within cultures; it is not wise to assume that all people in a given culture share the sam e meaning for certain gestures. The OK gesture has sexual connotations for some South American and Caribbean countries. In France the OK sign means worthless.  · Self-inflicted behaviours  · Repetitive behaviours  · Signals or commands  · Touching  · Sexual

Advanced technologies Essays

Advanced technologies Essays Advanced technologies Essay Advanced technologies Essay It was already mentioned that acquisition program made Wimm Bill Dann a vertically integrated company, which controlled the full production cycle. Thus, it made the company virtually invulnerable to any kind of changes on the market. With all power in hand and pioneering technologies, Wimm Bill Dann became a strong and powerful market player. Yet, all the changes that Wimm Bill Dann undertook made the sector attractive to competitors. That’s exactly why campina, Ehrman, Danone and Parmalat appeared. However, it’s necessary to say that with all the acquisition that Wimm Bill Dann made, for those companies-competitors it had become a required condition as well to ensure reliable supply in order to stay flexible and react quickly to any market changes. In the past, the sector had been fractured – some plants produced milk, other entrepreneurs distribute it, the third ones sold etc. WBD changed the structure of the industry making the necessary condition to have reliable supply. Thus, it is possible to say that WBD’s acquisition program made it more difficult for potential newcomers to enter the market. The entrance barriers became high, though the sector had become very attractive. The contemporary trends in marketing environment demand complete flexibility of the companies, i. e. an ability to react quickly to different market changes. This condition is especially relevant to Russia, where political and economic environment are very hard to predict. When Wimm Bill Dann entered the market, the personal income of the customers was very low. It was necessary for WBD to make its products cheaper so that Russian consumers could buy. Nowadays, the personal income of people had substantially increased, as did the demands. The consumption partners are different as well. At the moment, people prefer to pay more but to buy quality products. The quality can be ensured only by strong brand. Thus, brand loyalty had become the necessary condition of success. Companies spend millions of dollars to make their brands recognizable, to ensure brand’s awareness and therefore to ensure stable market position for their customers. It is not a secret, that it is cheaper to retain the existing customer than to get a new one. Yet, it is also important to say that strong brand can be built only when company focuses as much effort as possible on this given product. Therefore, specialization nowadays is becoming more and more important in order to achieve market success. Considering this factor, Wimm Bill Dann’s strategy of diversification doesn’t appear to remain sustainable. Wimm Bill Dann nowadays is associated to the larger extent with diary products, in lesser extent with juice, but not with mineral water, beer in may be something else in future. Thus, it is reasonable that the company focuses all its efforts in pursuing brand loyalty in its diary segment. According to Boston Consulting Group matrix, portfolio of every company might be composed of four main category of products: Stars – have big market share, which quickly rises; Cows – have big market share, which remain stable; Questions – their market share is small, but it also quickly rises. With adequate financial support, questions can either turn into cows or stars; Dogs – their market share is small and it doesn’t enlarge. Companies have to get rid of dogs in order to save money and invest it in other perspective products. Thus, diary product is cows for Wimm Bill Dann, as they generate the largest profit for the company and have the best potential for growth. Juices can be considered stars. They need adequate promotional campaign in order to compete with foreign producers. In such a way, it is important to notice that Wimm Bill Dann’s strategy of diversification had done well for the company in the past contributing to fast growth and adequate response to changing market conditions. Yet, nowadays with growing competition and the wide variety of different products, it is very easy for the customer to get lost. That is why strong brand building is recommended to serve as a guide for the customer and to differentiate the products of the given company from the products of the rest of the companies. With this regard brand extension doesn’t seem to be a relevant approach, since people tend to associate the company with certain type of a product. Thus, if the customers think that Wimm Bill Dann does diaries the best, they wouldn’t think so with regard to beer or any other product. That is why, brand extension can even create a threat for the company’s core competence products – diaries and juices. In such a way, specialization rather than diversification strategy seems more relevant and more useful. 2. What made Wimm Bill Dann a potentially attractive takeover target? Wimm Bill Dann is a pioneer company on the post soviet Russian market. It is the first company to use advanced technologies of packaging and product preservation, thus making the products look better and serve longer. It is also the first Russian company to use active marketing campaigns in order to create strong demand for its products and form strong customer loyalty. Moreover, Wimm Bill Dann is a vertically integrated company that doesn’t depend on suppliers. This provides additional competitive advantage and ensures company’s success. Thus, the most relevant competitive advantage of the company are: wide distribution network, which ensures availability of WBD’s products; Advanced technologies; full production cycle; strong brands. All thses factors make the company, as it was already mentioned, virtually invulnerable to any kind of market changes. The company is able to adapt quickly to any external changes, which makes Wimm Bill Dann very attractive as a potential takeover target. Moreover, Wimm Bill Dann extended its operations to foreign markets as well, thus it has excellent opportunities for growth. Being number one national producer in Russia, Wimm Bill Dann set high entrance barriers for newcomers and is able now to dictate own conditions on the market. Yet, what makes the company especially attractive target is its powerful brand equity. Wimm Bill Dann’s brand is what adds the most value to the company. WBD is one of the most expensive brands in Russia, which has great potential of becoming one of the most expensive brand in Europe and Asia. References 1. Brown S. (2000) â€Å"Imagining Marketing: Art, aesthetics and the avant-garde† Routledge, London 2. Debrah Y. (2002) â€Å"Globalization, Employment and the Workplace† Routledge, London 3. Cassing J. (1998) â€Å"Capital, Technology and Labor in the New Global Economy† American Enterprise Institute, Washington DC